Short answer: GSM stands for grams per square metre. It is the weight of one square metre of fabric. A higher GSM means a heavier, usually thicker fabric; a lower GSM means a lighter, thinner one.
How GSM is measured
A circular cutter takes a sample of exactly 100 square centimetres. The sample is weighed on a precision scale and the result is multiplied by 100 to give grams per square metre.
Typical GSM by garment
- Linings and summer tops: roughly 80 to 130 GSM
- T-shirts (single jersey): roughly 140 to 180 GSM
- Polos and premium tees (pique, interlock): roughly 180 to 240 GSM
- Sweatshirts and hoodies (fleece, French terry): roughly 240 to 340 GSM and above
- Dresses in crepe, georgette or satin: usually specified by feel and construction, often 80 to 160 GSM
These are guide ranges. The right GSM depends on fibre, knit or weave structure and the look you want.
GSM is not the only quality measure
Two fabrics with the same GSM can feel very different. Fibre (cotton, modal, viscose, polyester), yarn count, structure and finishing all change handle, drape and stretch. Always approve a physical sample.
FAQ
Is higher GSM always better quality?
No. Higher GSM means heavier, not better. A 140 GSM modal jersey can be more premium than a 200 GSM cotton jersey.
What GSM tolerance is normal?
Most buyers and mills agree a tolerance of around plus or minus 5 percent.
Dynamic Knitfabs knits and weaves fabric to your target GSM in Surat and Noida. Send us your requirement.